Honest Advice for new Screenwriters in 2024

(This is an updated & expanded version of Honest Advice for new Screenwriters in 2023, in light of more recent developments and my perspective as an agented writer).

This piece is aimed at anyone in the UK who wants to write scripts: maybe you're just starting or coming off a course (BA or MA), or are the intrepid outsider gung-ho-ing it with a copy of Save the Cat. You want to write movies and TV, maybe even get a shot at working on a big franchise like Doctor Who or Eastenders. 

I must first salute your first step into a creative field. It's exciting and when it comes together on the page, a sublime feeling!

You will also no doubt be aware of everything else happening - the country is dealing with a cost of living crisis, and our entertainment industry has not been spared. The fallout of the (fully justified) SAG-AFTRA and WGA strikes in America, and an animation strike around the corner; rising costs leading to many in UK film and TV being out of work, with many more having left altogether, and most recently, the cancellation of a slew of shows, including longtime training ground Doctors.

It's undeniably a grim picture right now: nerves are frayed, slots are being cut and with money low, the dream seems even more out of grasp. For the new arrival to this field, you may be doubting your decision to try script writing. Perhaps you've made some headway and now, things have dried up and you fear a career change is not far. Did you waste all that effort?

I've always endeavored for this blog to not just be optimistic, for the sake of new writers navigating an often frustrating business, but practical: to give you resources to find your way. So if you are a nervous student, or a curious enthusiast, here's my recommendations for what you can do. I'll split these into two categories: SCREENWRITER and LIFE.

SCREENWRITER

1.  If I can advise spending a little on something, invest in a copy of The UK Scriptwriter's Survival Guide: (for clarity, this is not a paid promotion.) Veteran film and TV scribes Tim Clague and Danny Stack (Eastenders, Doctors, Thunderbirds Are Go) give a practical, no B.S. guide on what you can do to help yourself get a foothold in the industry. I honestly believe this should be compulsory reading for all new screenwriters, as it will open your eyes to many possibilities (some we'll quickly touch on below too), as well as give you useful tips and tricks to navigate the business and avoid dead-ends.
2. No matter what genre or style you like to write in, keep your scripts budget-friendly. Be conservative and smart with your sets, number of characters, production value and big set piece moments. Be mindful of locations too - do you need to be in London, for example? In TV terms, what's your precinct (where characters will spend most of their time) and how much can you get out of it? This is also true if you write movies: the Hollywood machinery doesn't exist here and your best bet is the world of microbudget feature films. 
3. Use this time and downturn (Inside the industry, the word is 'Survive till '25') to build a portfolio of scripts: 3 is the usual advice, but I'd say with the way things are, 5-6, in different mediums/genres is a better investment of what time and energy you have. And I don't mean 5-6 scripts you've just written - I mean 5-6 scripts you have polished and are proud of, which may be your ninth or tenth overall! And prioritize returnables over limited/miniseries.
4. Sharpen the hell out of your logline and pitches. Never before has a succinct and easy way to sell your script mattered more - can you sell your show in one page, and even in just 30 words? That hook can make all the difference to if a producer or development person wants to add you to their huge reading list.
   
5. Screenwriting and its storytelling methods don't just apply to movies and TV - it's writing, after all. With what you learn, you can diversify into other fields that do put up jobs in a more familiar way (sites like LinkedIn, Indeed etc) than the detective work associated with the big two. Web content (like scripts for Youtube videos), video games, podcasts, copywriting (writing adverts, written website content, promotional materials, pamphlets), all of these will utilize the skills you learn. Indeed, there are other roles where your skills can be used, as I discuss here.

 LIFE

1. Keeping or getting a day job is not a sign of failure or that you need to give up your writing dream - it's literally what's keeping you fed and alive. Balance and finding time to write can be done.  If you take an extra few months to write a script because you've got other priorities, so what? It's not a race - just write something good and damned be if it takes six months or two years to write. No one has ever, in my experience, cared about length of development: just the end result.
2. Connected to the first - if you have to retrain in a new field, it doesn't mean you can never write again. You'll have to adjust the timescale, again, but it's not impossible and not worth beating yourself up over.
   
3. Take breaks. For the love of God, take breaks, do other things and just refresh yourself when you can: a trip to the park, play with your kids or pets, grab a big Mac. It will clear out mental cobwebs, lower stress and might help you find that missing piece in your story.
   
4. In the middle of economic hardship, the standard advice of 'make your own thing' can be, at least, a little insensitive and presumptive. This also doesn't account for the freefall in independent theatre, so scratch nights are a dicier prospect (though if you have a way in, take it). If you were to ask me 'I don't have a lot of spare time or money. Should I do a short film, a video webseries, or a comedy/drama scripted podcast as a showcase/first credit?', I'd say pick the podcast - far lower costs and logistics than anything visual, everyone has a decent-quality mic on their phone or laptop nowadays, and it puts your unique voice as a writer front and center.
5. Even when things pick up again in the next year or two, everything in film and TV will still be rather SLOW. Everything takes time, reading backlogs have never been bigger, and everything is about your initiative and productiveness. This is not a career for those who are lazy or just expect, for whatever reason, things to come to them.It also means don't be disheartened if a script takes months to get read. I take about how to check in here
   

The simple takeaway here is that building a career in the arts is hard. It was already really hard, but the economic plight and years of questionable decision making has compounded that challenge. But, and this is the fuller takeaway, it's not without little rays of hopeful sunshine, twee as that might read. So long as you keep practicing, keep writing and keep on experimenting, you still have a chance, and this industry needs you.

(P.S. If you can, follow The TV Mindset and share #Leftinthedark, to highlight the failure to support freelancers in this industry.)

Books for Writing in Genres - A Handy Guide

Every writer, at some point, has gone 'I'd like to try something new' or 'I've always wanted to write X', but where to start?' You can watch/read your favourites, take notes and study them, but what if you need something more specific? Some type of reference or guidelines, even just something to quickly highlight common tropes you can avoid or find new spins on? 

Well, writing guides to just about every genre in fiction exist, old and new, and many authored by working veterans, are available. Of course, the sheer volume (and then factoring in sites like Amazon permitting self-published works) can be rather daunting and confusing for a newcomer to disentangle. Well today, I'll give that a shot with an easy list of published works: a mix of personal recommendations and ones I've heard on the grapevine.

 

This article, for the sake of disclosure, is not sponsored by anyone mentioned - this is just me and me alone.

To be clear, this is not a comprehensive or exhaustive list of genre writing guides, nor is this one about storytelling basics (your Save the Cats etc): I already covered that elsewhere. This is also not a guide to books on entire mediums like film, stage and TV (save one example which I'll explain), career advice (at least, not chiefly) or memoirs by famous writers - this is just for storytelling genres.

There will also be no self-published works (the quality threshold, never mind the sheer number of them, is just too all over the place to be useful or consistent) and I will avoid too many books from within the same series (Teach Yourself and For Dummies do include a number of these guides, if you want an immediate starting point). Last, I will also include, as and when relevant, essay compilations, though this will be geared in the direction of practical writing advice, rather than purely analytical writing.

Crime/Mystery:

• Writing Crime Fiction by Rosemary Atkinson 
• How to Write a Damn Good Mystery by James Frey 
• How to Write a Mystery: A Handbook edited by Lee Child with Laurie R. King
  
• Writing the Cozy Mystery by Nancy J. Cohen
• Writing the Mystery: A Start to Finish Guide for Both Novice and Professional by G. Miki Hayden
  

Thrillers:

• Plotting and Writing Suspense Fiction by Patricia Highsmith
• Writing and Selling Thriller Screenplays: From TV Pilot to Feature Film by Lucy V. Hay
  

Fantasy/Sci-fi:

• Wonderbook by Jeff Vandermeer
• Get Started in Writing Science Fiction and Fantasy by Adam Roberts
• Making Myths and Magic: A Field Guide to Writing Sci-Fi and Fantasy Novels by Shelley Campbell and Allison Alexander
  
• Writing the Science Fiction Film by Robert Grant 
• Writing Fantasy and Science Fiction by Brian Stableford
  

Horror:

• On Writing Horror: A Handbook by the Horror Writers Association, edited by Mort Castle
  
• A Sense of Dread: Getting Under the Skin of Horror Screenwriting by Neal Marshall Stevens
• Horror Screenwriting: The Nature of Fear by Devin Watson
  

Comedy:

• How To Write Comedy by Tony Kirwood
• The Serious Guide to Joke Writing by Sally Holloway
  
• Elephant Bucks: An Insider's Guide to Writing for TV Sitcoms by Sheldon Bull
• The TV Writer's Workbook by Ellen Sadler 
• The Complete Comedy Writer by Dave Cohen
  
• The Hidden Tools of Comedy: The Serious Business of Being Funny by Steve Kaplan
  

Romance:

• Writing and Selling - Romantic Comedy Screenplays by Craig Batty & Helen Jacey
• Writing a Romance Novel For Dummies by Victorine Lieske and Leslie Wainger 
• (Interestingly, I've noticed romance seems especially dominated by self-published guidebooks. If you wish to give them a go, well, have at it. Just check out the author's credentials to see they are legit.)
  

Children's/Animation:

• Writing for Animation by Laura Beaumont - my one cheat on this list as animation is a medium, not a genre unto itself. However, writing is a criminally underdiscussed part of the animation and few blogs and websites mention it either. There's also incredibly few books discussing children's stories, so another strike.
• Writing for Animation, Comics, and Games by Christy Marx
• Animation Writing & Development: from script development to pitch by Jean Ann Wright
• Directing the story: professional storytelling and storyboarding techniques for live action and animation by Francis Glebas
• How to Write for Animation by Jeffrey Scott
• Creating Animated Cartoons with Character by Joe Murray (thanks to Liam Swann for these suggestions!)
  
• The Magic Words: Writing Great Books for Children and Young Adults by Cheryl B. Klein 
• Writing for Children by Pamela Cleaver
  
• Writing Picture Books by Ann Whitford Paul
  

Hope this little compilation has helped guide you on the right road!

Honest Advice for new Screenwriters in 2023

This piece is aimed at anyone in the UK who wants to write scripts: maybe you're just starting or coming off a course (BA or MA), or are the intrepid outsider gung-ho-ing it with a copy of Save the Cat. You want to write movies and TV, maybe even get a shot at working on a big franchise like Doctor Who or Eastenders. 

I must first salute your first step into a creative field. It's exciting and when it comes together on the page, a sublime feeling!

You will also no doubt be aware of everything else happening - the country is dealing with a cost of living crisis, and the entertainment industry has not been spared. Between rising costs and the fallout of the (fully justified) SAG-AFTRA and WGA strikes in America, many in the UK film and TV industry are out of work, and many more have left altogether. It's undeniably a grim picture right now: nerves are frayed and with money low, the dream seems always just out of grasp. For the recent arrival to this field, you may be doubting your decision to try script writing.

However, I've always endeavored for this blog to not just be optimistic, for the sake of new writers navigating an often frustrating business, but practical: to give you resources to find your way. So if you are a nervous student, or a curious enthusiast, here's my recommendations for what you can as your next steps, even in economic turmoil and uncertainty:

1. Keeping or getting a day job is not a sign of failure or that you need to give up your writing dream - it's literally what's keeping you fed and alive. Balance and finding time to write can be done.  If you take an extra few months to write a script because you've got other priorities, so what? It's not a race - just write something good and damned be if it takes six months or two years to write. No one has ever, in my experience, cared about length of development: just the end result.
2. If I can advise spending a little on something, invest in a copy of The UK Scriptwriter's Survival Guide: (for clarity, this is not a paid promotion.) Veteran film and TV scribes Tim Clague and Danny Stack (Eastenders, Doctors, Thunderbirds Are Go) give a practical, no B.S. guide on what you can do to help yourself get a foothold in the industry. I honestly believe this should be compulsory reading for all new screenwriters, as it will open your eyes to many possibilities (some we'll quickly touch on below too), as well as give you useful tips and tricks to navigate the business and avoid dead-ends.
3. Screenwriting and its storytelling methods don't just apply to movies and TV - it's writing, after all. With what you learn, you can diversify into other fields that do put up jobs in a more familiar way (sites like LinkedIn, Indeed etc) than the detective work associated with the big two. Web content (like scripts for Youtube videos), video games, podcasts, copywriting (writing adverts, written website content, promotional materials, pamphlets), all of these will utilize the skills you learn. Indeed, there are other roles where your skills can be used, as I discuss here.
   
4. No matter what genre or style you like to write in, keep your scripts budget-friendly. Be conservative and smart with your sets, number of characters, production value and big set piece moments. In TV terms, what's your precinct (where characters will spend most of their time) and how much can you get out of it? This is also true if you write movies: the Hollywood machinery doesn't exist here and your best bet is the world of microbudget feature films. 
5. In the middle of economic hardship, the standard advice of 'make your own thing' can be, at least, a little insensitive and presumptive. If you were to ask me 'I don't have a lot of spare time or money. Should I do a short film, a video webseries, or a comedy/drama scripted podcast as a showcase/first credit?', I'd say pick the podcast - far lower costs and logistics than anything visual, everyone has a decent-quality mic on their phone or laptop nowadays, and it puts your unique voice as a writer front and center.
6. Use this time and downturn to build a portfolio of scripts: 3 is the usual advice, but I'd say 4-5, in different mediums/genres is a better investment of what time and energy you have. And I don't mean 4-5 scripts you've just written - I mean 4-5 scripts you have polished and are proud of, which may be your ninth or tenth overall!
   
7. Even when things pick up again, everything in film and TV will still be rather SLOW. Everything takes time and everything is about your initiative and productiveness. This is not a career for those who are lazy or just expect, for whatever reason, things to come to them.

The simple takeaway here is that building a career in the arts is hard. It was already really hard, but the economic plight has compounded that challenge. But, and this is the fuller takeaway, it's not without little rays of hopeful sunshine, twee as that might read. So long as you keep practicing, keep writing and keep on experimenting, you can survive this.

Does proper formatting actually matter in scripts?

I was reading the Haunt filmmaker diaries a few months back - Scott Beck and Bryan Woods document their lives as working Hollywood screenwriters while also juggling directing their horror film. It came with a draft of the script as a bonus, which was not only a fun read, but prompted some interesting questions about how the duo used formatting to create a particular effect on the reader.

Formatting is one of the biggest battlegrounds when it comes to screenwriting - it's possibly the only thing as loaded and fraught as discussions on whether or not 'act structure' is real. Scripts, so say some, are done on Courier font 12, with a specific spacing, usually in a programme called Final Draft (but some have also preached about John August's Highlander software, and for a time there was Celtx) that then exports it as a PDF. 

On the page, the real meat of the formatting debate, everything is broken down into slug lines (scene headings, like INT/EXT, DAY/NIGHT), and tight action lines to describe what's going on. All the character names and their dialogue is centered, and anything more specific is usually put into brackets (whisper, chuckling, screaming etc.). The key to this, the reason why it's done, is for clarity and ease of reading. And under NO circumstances are you allowed to use the following:

• Pictures/JPEGs
• Maps
• Weird fonts and word sizes
  
• Word Art
• Different colours
• Random quotes from other sources, like famous politicians or historical figures
  
• Specific times of day, broken down into hours and even minutes
  
• Long action lines/descriptions, more akin to bits from novels
  
• Ending scenes on dialogue instead of an action line
  
• Cut To
  

So, as both a script reader and working writer, how true is all of this? Does it really matter, in my experience, if you chuck in pictures or extra bits, or even if you play with fonts?

Mostly no, but there are some caveats. The top goal is writing a compelling story that people will want to make - so long as it's eligible, and of quality, then you'd be surprised how many people will let slide some minor errors. The only ones that are non-negotiable are the use of Sluglines and having character names and dialogue be centered. Those are the only true fundamentals necessary for a screenplay's format. Everything else is service of creating the mood and style of your script, anything you can do to get the reader utterly sucked in.

To return to Haunt, the writers there use the formatting itself to sell the creepy, surreal atmosphere of a haunted house gone mad. Word size is increased and decreased to indicate sound and proximity, with the odd use of onomatopoeia to punctuate. Even the scene headings and descriptions will flip to the other side of the page to sell the weirdness factor, and it really works. This is breaking the rules, done correctly: it's a horror script and it makes you uneasy.

But, I did warn of caveats - in my experience, most scripts that include all or even some of the gimmicks listed above turn out to be, well, just that: Lazy and poor quality stories, loaded with random nonsense no doubt trying to make it stand out in the submissions pile. The worst of these is inserting pictures: to me, this is simply an all-out failure of writing. You have the written word at your disposal, why not use it to describe something marvellous or weird and let the reader's imagination do some of the work? Changing colours can also fall into this: it can look ugly and there's often no sense of an actual benefit to doing this.

(And, as a cherry on top, most of the pictures tend of be of abysmally low quality. Blurry, grainy, muddy images shoved willy-nilly about the script. This defeats the entire point of even including them to begin with, meaning you just gambled with the reader's tolerance for no reason.)

Ditto the beefy action lines: if you want to write a lot, my advice is break it into smaller, more dynamic sections. It reads cleaner and it can give an added sense of tempo and attention to what's happening in the scene. The best advice to remedy this is, well, read more screenplays - learn how writers sold something ambitious or hefty, and apply it to your own work.

A lot of this comes down to developing your own voice as a writer, and that takes time. You use shortcuts (like say, grabbing a picture off Google Images) to try and get stuff done quicker, and maybe in the process, create a unique presentation. Maybe you want to showcase more of your creativity with some original art or funky font tinkering? However, if it's not done in actual service of the story, then it's not actually helping you: It's just a distraction. You have to give the reader as few reasons as possible to say no, and yours is maybe the fifth or sixth script they have to read that day - every choice you make has to be considered. Sticking to the 'rules' is simply an easier guarantee, one less possible strike against your work.

My advice, if you're really nervous: stick with traditional formatting and focus on fine tuning your writing. However, if you want something extra in, make sure it is justified and actually adds to the atmosphere and style of what you're making. Reasons like 'it looks cool' are utterly worthless and, as said, will just hasten the reader's finger to the big red X. Keep them on the page, at all costs.

Review: Haunt: Screenplay & Filmmaker Diaries

With 65 having done its run in theatres, I figured why not share a recent read of mine - the Haunt: Screenplay & Filmmaker Diaries. Writer-directors Scott Beck and Bryan Woods (also the minds behind A Quiet Place) made a little slasher called Haunt back in 2019, a twisted take on chintzy haunted houses where a group of teens get stuck in very real danger. Overseen by Eli Roth, Haunt used its low budget and small cast to its advantage, creating a small but distinct little horror. 

So in 2022, the duo brought out this book, a diary documenting their lives as working Hollywood screenwriters while also juggling directing their horror film. The pair discuss meetings, foods, movies they've seen and even changes in their own lives (like fatherhood and marriage), as the film lumbers from script to production to finished film. It comes with a draft of the Haunt script as a bonus.

Books like this are always deeply fascinating for me - I love getting inside other storytellers' minds and seeing how they tick; how they approach challenges and what are things to avoid. Beck and Woods, writing in a simple, conversational manner, offer this in easy, digestible chunks. They go over every issue that comes with making a film - pitching, writing, rewriting, notes, meeting, casting, budget, working with crew, getting locations, editing, balancing work and home life and then getting it out there. For every success, there's a bunch of setbacks, mistakes and sudden left turns, forcing the duo to think fast and still balance everything. It has the peaks and valleys of good drama, yet Beck and Woods never become sappy or maudlin - they acknowledge the pain, but endeavor to push on and enjoy the good parts.

The script draft, which follows a quick but neat interview with Scott McConnell (Gointothestory.com), was not only a fun read, but prompted some interesting questions about how the duo uses formatting to create a particular effect on the reader. Throughout, the script will have onomatopoeia to punctuate sounds and movements in scenes, as well as use the spacing and position of words themselves to create a sense of distance and atmosphere. The effect is a highly visual and evocative read that makes the script pop, even as the material itself is very firmly in its genre. 

Yet, it never feels gimmicky or lazy: it always done to enhance that haunted house feeling, giving it a sense of place and style. In my time as a script reader I've seen exactly this sort of stuff done wrong. VERY wrong - quirky formatting done to mask a generic, unengaging script. I and certainly no company is impressed by 2004-level Word Art or goofy Photoshop. However, Beck and Woods do it right - the story is set in a mad haunted house attraction, so it creates the sense of being in a twisty, turny, spooky place. Form and substance marry up.

A definite recommend, even if you're not a horror hound and just like a peek behind the curtain.

4 More Screenwriting Negatives FLIPPED into Positives

Since everything gets a sequel nowadays, might as well do one for my piece on annoyances in screenwriting. These were the common fears and pitfalls that can trip up a writer and lead to doubt, confusion and upset. I attempted to offer some remedies, new angles at which to look at them.

Now, for four more headscratchers, and how I think you can fix them.

• When a contact ghosts you, it doesn't mean you caused it.

Ghosting is one of the worst things in this industry: silence is always worse than a flat 'no'.  You have no idea what the person (producer, director, exec etc.) thought of your script, or if they've even read it. This can be a deeply painful experience, especially if the first meeting was positive and the person seemed nice and genuine. Maybe you think you pestered them too much, or did something wrong.

However, you should not shoulder the blame on yourself. The sad truth is this often has more to do with workload and time than you. People are always reading and being sent stuff, and inevitably, some take greater priority over others. Your follow up emails can, alas, be drowned in overfull inboxes. People are busy, they forget and sometimes, it's just rotten luck. You did what you could - be proud you were able to pitch well, get your script out and always remember, you can have dozens of nos, but all it takes is one yes. Don't let the guilt weigh on you.

• When you're told a character isn't likeable, you don't need to make them so.

A classic note you'll get sooner or later: your character isn't likeable enough, so the reader didn't get invested in their journey. They may be too nasty or harsh; they may be greedy, cruel or narcissistic; they may just be unpleasant to hang around with. The common fix is to, well, make them likeable; give them a cute cat or some funny lines or have them do one nice thing amidst all the bad.

Thing is, this one is super-contextual: I've found 'likeability' is really a shortword for 'interesting': your character may be a bad boy, but they're not actually interesting or engaging. Characters like Don Draper, Walter White, Raymond Reddington and Villanelle are all deeply bad people, but they are engaging because they are textured, three dimensional characters. If you are writing a script that demands a morally grey protagonist, then before you 'cute up' your mob boss, really go over and ask - are they interesting? Are they complex? Are they making tough and interesting choices? IF, on the other hand, you're writing, say, a fun kids script and the main kid or animal is just an unlikeable dick - that then is a case of your character not fitting the story, or even the genre. Match the protagonist to your genre and audience.

• If your writing is getting too much, you shouldn't be ashamed of stepping away.

We want to give everything to our art: it's the suffering artist trope. Everything else in our lives doesn't matter: we HAVE to get the script written. We HAVE to get it done by x date for this or that opportunity. We HAVE to make it revolutionary and different and so utterly unlike anything else. When a script bombs, or is rooted heavily in personal trauma, it's tough to deal with that. You feel like you HAVE to hang on, have to keep fighting.

However, you're only human: sometimes, it's not only good but necessary to wave the flag, step away and re-calibrate. A single-minded drive can be deeply toxic to your physical and mental wellbeing. I gave three years of my life to one mad pursuit of a tv script, and when it came crashing down, when I had to stop, is where I actually learnt what I was doing wrong and changed my routine and philosophy. It may have hurt, but it was the right thing to do for me. It wasn't cowardly, or lazy, it was the smart play for the sake of actually being able to have a career.

• If you don't live in London (or Los Angeles), it doesn't mean you can't have a career.

The old wisdom was you had to move to the big media hubs, spend a lot on rent and gamble on being able to network and meet people. London, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Hollywood - that's where the cool kids are at. Especially the cool kids with money. If you live in a small town or village, well, you're screwed right?

The pandemic did a lot of harm to peoples lives. There is the tragic aspect, of course, but there is a silver lining: it blew up online communication and meeting. Programmes like Zoom and Microsoft Teams have upended a lot of the old rules when it came to getting meetings with some of the biggest of big cheeses. The ability to set up a meeting any time, anywhere, never mind the sheer freedom of email and social medias, means so long as you know how to find people (IMDBPro, LinkedIn, Twitter, company websites), you could and can get yourself out there.

4 Tips on how to write a TV Pilot, from a working writer

Writing TV can be an exciting, as well as daunting, endeavor. You're not just writing one good script, you're writing the opening act to an entire saga, a story that could run 3-100 episodes, depending on the project. Maybe it's a five series fantasy epic, or a four part family drama about a forgotten murder: whatever it is, it's a big job that can, if you find the right people, pay off big.

As someone who's been at this for several years, with stuff broadcast and in development, I've learnt my share along the way. I've written for kids and adults, worked in ITV Studios and gotten recommendations from some rather hefty players in the business. I don't claim to know all: I'm still learning too, but I hope you can avoid some of my own blunders with this quartet of advice.

1. Build your series treatment/bible first, not your pilot

A television pilot is more akin to the first chapter of a book than a whole novel: it's the introduction, the setup that will give us a taste and template of what's to come. How many times have you ever heard of an author planning and writing just the first chapter of their book? 

A series bible/treatment is basically everything your show has to offer: the cast of characters, the theme and central conflict, the setting, the storylines you will tell, rough ideas for upcoming episodes. People may be wowed with twisty-turny plot, but they won't be back for more if the characters don't click, so spend the time in this document to flesh them out, give them flaws, arcs, secrets. Another important thing to remember: TV casts tend to be big, which means you also need to think about how relationships between the characters and what conflicts they have (that's a keyword, so remember) over the course of the series.

2. Please have subplots, and have them be discernible

Do not fall into the trap of having your pilot be nothing but A Plot, A Plot, A Plot. You need subplots to not only fill the runtime, but also give your cast more to do and see the characters be explored. In a pilot, these subplots will often also help set up longer running storylines and conflicts: secret romances, betrayals, family stories, alternate perspectives, the plans of the antagonist.

If you've done your bible, there's less risk of this not being present. However, this is where outlining will help too: being able to have clearly defined A, B, C and even D plots (sometimes you may even get E and F, depending on the type of show and the length) will enable you to treat them like individual stories, not random scenes that break up the main action for no reason.

3. Everyman/ordinary protagonists should not be dull

The protagonist, hero or dick, is the person we will be following throughout the whole show. Even if they are not a Sherlock-level genius, or a Marvel superhero, they should still be complex and interesting. Even if they still live with their parents and work a crappy till job in a deadend town, they will still be three-dimensional people with hopes, dreams and vices. If they don't care, why should we bother watching them?

Often, an ordinary protagonist is a reflection of the writer, and while there's nothing wrong with that, it's important to step outside your own head: just because you know something and take it as a given with your views and personality, that does not mean it will make sense on the page or be clear to the reader. Even if they are based on someone real, do the work and make them come alive on the page.

4. Be economical with your sets

While budget is less important than a good story and characters in a spec script, remember it's still television. if we are constantly changing locations every single scene, not only will the cost go up, but it means the show has no anchor. People, even the rich and diabolical, still have places to live and hang. Homes, hangouts like clubs or bars; businesses and places of work like shops, offices and schools, even vehicles they often are in like cars, trains and buses.

These places effectively function as precincts, as returnable standing sets that will help get the most out of the budget, and as a place where multiple characters can be expected to interact, thus creating conflict and drama. This is true, even in animation where there isn't a hard limit on sets because no construction costs: characters on those shows still have places they frequent. Ducktales has McDuck Manor and the Money Bin; Octonauts has their ship and underwater base; Simpsons has the house, Moe's Tavern, the Plant, Springfield Elementary, the church, the Retirement Castle, the Aztec Cinema, the list goes on.

I hope these will be of use to you. If you still feel like you need more help, I've also done a list of books I'd recommend about TV writing. Go check it out!

New Year, New Articles and a New Schedule

A belated Happy New Year to all! If you're still managing to hold to your new diet or exercise regime, consider yourself a hero - I just don't have the patience.

So, what to expect from the blog in 2023? Well, there will be more screenwriting pieces up this year. I personally think I've focused a lot on the industry angle, and have strayed from talking about craft and offering practical writing advice. While that was part of this blog's goal, as stated before, I do want to share what I've found works for me and what I've learnt over the last few years as I've had to re-adapted to writing after the pandemic left me in a state. I'd also like to review some more screenwriting-related literature I've been reading, and not simply how-to books either.

What may not have escaped more longtime readers of this blog is that the output has sputtered some - the usually bimonthly pieces of past years have trailed off, with bigger and bigger gaps between uploads. Last year, I got swamped with gigs and this year, I have a big slate of specs I'm aiming to get through before the summer. Some in  genres i've not tried before, so that's both exciting and fraught. As a result, regular blogging will have to take a backseat: no way I can juggle this and all that new creative work at the same time. 

HOWEVER, be assured this does not mean you'll have to wait for several months - I will be endeavoring to prepare more pieces in advice and upload, ideally, once a month or so moving forward. Possibly every other month - just have to see. It will come, that I do promise you.

Screenwriting Professionally: 2022 edition

Another year, another time to reflect on the highs and lows of my screenwriting efforts. Some big pushes, some amazing experiences, and some terrible reversals. I was also able to finally travel again after nearly three years of being stuck in London, so huzzah!

I had dubbed 2021 as being 'one step forward and two steps back'. Is that also an apt summary of 2022, per what I just wrote? Well, that'll take a bit longer to explain. No more preamble, let's just go!

Jan-Mar (Winter): 

In past entries, I've written that this is the 'quiet' period of the year for me. Not so this time - a few days in, an email lands in my inbox and BAM, won ITV Original Voices and got to be one of the four placements on Emmerdale. It would be an even split - part done at home, part hauling myself up to Leeds and getting to work in ITV Studios. I got the second slot, meaning my tour of duty would start in March.

Don't think that meant I was slacking off though: I was grinding away a pitch for my episode of Doctors. I had sent a script off to a lovely producer on River City. I also got hired to consult on a children's book about disabilities, being published by none other than Penguin Random House (thank you Laura Henry-Allain). A picture book for little kids and their families, it offered a simple and colourful introduction and guide to disabilities, what they entail and how to make a better world for them. It aimed to be supportive, thoughtful and celebratory - no tragedy or sadness, here!

I wished for so long to have things pep up at the start of a year - well, I got it!

Apr-Jun (Spring):  

Busy busy busy! Emmerdale was a rollercoaster, going from storylining to script editing to finally a trial script. Always on my toes and always new challenges, surrounded by a fantastically helpful team. Those were some lively rooms, with no shortage of jokes (and sweet treats to boost morale!) and I even got to visit the interior sets - the Woolpack, the various houses, the prop room, all very cool.

And if you think that was all on my plate, oh ho ho no! I was doing a long overdue rewrite on the pilot script for Brenda and Effie, aiming to extract more from the wonderfully wacky world of Paul Magrs' unique imagination. River City got back to me in remarkable time, we got chatting and I was eventually able to set up for my own episode (bypassing the shadow scheme used by other soaps). It was frantic and tiring, but you know what? It was also exhilarating. Years of strife and struggle, doubt and fears over my own ability, and here was not one but two major UK dramas validating my ability.

It wasn't all sunshine, however: on top of a string of annoying stomach bugs, I also found Doctors sputtering a bit - there was a change in script editors, which left my pitch needing to undergo more rewrites. To be clear, the new person (or interim, rather) was very nice and helpful, but it was now approaching half a year since I'd been given the go-ahead to do an episode, and still it wasn't moving as I'd have liked it to. In addition, due to the new workload, all work on original specs had to stop, meaning I was now two years without a new spec available for my agent. Still, better money coming in than not.

Jul-Sept (Summer): 

And here comes the not-fun part of this trip down memory lane. I wrapped Brenda & Effie and then dove into River City. Got my first payment for the script, which I proudly showed my folks - I HAD MADE IT! What was meant to be the culmination of my journey thus far, the next step into television drama, however, turned into a crushing defeat. So enraptured in my own desire for success was I, I wasn't taking my notice of my own wellbeing. After three years of no real break or holiday (if I wasn't writing, I was planning or doing some other work), my mind was out of it. I hadn't seen my brother or my nephew in even longer, missing out on seeing him grow up. I wasn't spotting things in my work, and that's when mistakes started happening. Big mistakes.

I wasn't happy - every rewrite just didn't sit right with me. Something was missing, something wasn't clicking. I hadn't got the voice of the show right, even if I was writing passable drama with proper structure. With feedback and deadlines tight, an ability to recalibrate was also not on the cards. I was up at dawn, pounding out words without the passion or fun that should come with the craft. It was monotonous, draining and my desperation to finally conquer a personal milestone was likely all that was keeping me chugging. Until I got the phone call that is.

It hurt. The River City staff were kind and graceful, don't misunderstand, but I was kicking myself. I hadn't seen the problems, and now, it was too late. I made a decision: I had to get out. Get out of London, get out of the UK, just get away from writing for a while. Recharge. Re-evaluate. Clear my head and see what changes needed to be done. So, I joined my family over in Spain for their holiday, met up with my brother (but not my nephew, alas) and took the clean country air. No internet, just food and folks. It was exactly what I had been needing for a long time.

Oct-Dec (Winter again): 

Coming back to the UK (and boy howdy, had things happened in my absence!), I knew what I needed to do: Get my passion back and write original specs. How? By completely upending my writing methodology and routine, taking help from The Organized Writer by Anthony Johnston. A complete rethink of how I scheduled my day and how much work I took on: if I was to make things right and put myself back on track, I needed to work smarter, not harder. Split the day up by projects into short, manageable chunks.

Result: most output I've done in a long time, with stress down and some comprehensive treatments finally written. They currently comprise a cosy crime, a thriller and a teen drama, with some other stuff kicking around. After such a long gap, it feels incredible.

And  that's not all either: been talking to some shows, so see what comes of that; done some more consultation work on the disability book as well as on a children's project. Doctors is still an unknown, though conversations have been happening.

 

'One step forward and two steps back': to answer myself, is it an accurate summary of 2022? I mean, did I really go backwards at all? I am still grateful for the successes I did have, even with my loss. I got right into the beating hearts of major shows and learnt a lot, even revising and changing some of my own methods along the way. I didn't hit my big target, but I hit smaller ones along the way.

Most important, and this is another point I raised in the last recap: I implemented long overdue changes to how I work. It's a shame it took what it took, but I'm glad for it. We can get so buried in our work and dreams that we forget to take a step back and realize that something isn't working anymore. We need to be able to tap the brakes and rejig: even a few days away can do wonders to clean the cobwebs.

What do I want out of 2023? Well aside from the usual of gigs and pay, being able to get the new specs, however they turn out, out into the industry. Variety is not just the spice of life, but also of an artistic career, and I want to get into more exciting and thrilling genres of TV. I know I have more to offer and i want to showcase that. Film? One day perhaps...

Dealing with Reversals and Coming Back Better

Today, I got the news that many a writer, regardless of field, dreads: 'we are not continuing further with you'. I will no longer be writing the episode of River City I was commissioned to back in July: I simply wasn't able to capture the right tone for the show. 

Now to be clear, the executive producer was very gracious in his phone call with me, and he did offer an open return in the future, which was nice and I am grateful for. He commended the script that I had used to get on the show in the first place, which was also very nice.

Perhaps you expect me to do a big old sobfest and cry and moan. Say how unfair it is and how I was totally great at it.

No.

Fact of the matter is: I wasn't ready and, maybe because of frustration with how other projects had gone, I was banking too hard on it being 'the one' (the magic ticket I have so often denounced on this blog). Even as I was writing the drafts, I couldn't help but have a sense of unease, like something was missing. I actioned the notes, best as I knew how, but something just kept on niggling me.

Did it hurt when I got the news? Of course it did. 

Was I upset for a while? I mean yes, why wouldn't I be? I don't think it's a bad thing to acknowledge that. We are human beings: we feel and feel deeply. There's no shame in saying that and it's not unprofessional. One thing I pride this blog on is honesty and, as a second, transparency. If something doesn't work or changes, I say. If I don't believe something, I say. I don't run away from mistakes and I take them as learning experiences. In turn, I hope you learn from them.

The reality is, these things happen. Talent is no protection against, sometimes, missing the mark, and it happens to everyone and anyone: Paul Abbott got booted off Doctor Who; Peter Morgan has scripts rejected all the time by big producers; William Goldman has a whole treasure trove of 'almosts' in his filmography. My point is, if this does happen to you, don't let it crush you. You're not a hack or a fake or a 'bad writer': you're learning. The issue is not making mistakes, it's not learning from them, which is what I intend to do. What will I do now: Have a break. Regroup, refresh and then go back into specs.

A big thanks to the team on RC, who were genuinely great, and hopefully, not my last trip to Shieldinch.

What is a 'Dedicated' Screenwriter? - A Response to John Fusco

Work ethic is a core part of any writer's life and career - you want to be good and get work? Got to put in the hours to get both, constantly improving your work and widening your net of contacts, be they editors, publishers, or for this blog's purpose, producers in film and TV. A writer must have a level of discipline to ensure they not only write, but get better and produce plenty of spec scripts.

Of course, what 'writing discipline' is is fairly fluid - does it mean setting page counts? Word counts? Is it how many hours you write every day/week, or even setting fixed times of day? Is it goals for how many drafts/passes you do on a project before sending it out? Well, Young Guns and Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron writer John Fusco, a name those with 90s and 00s nostalgia should know well, offered up this tip (which has seemingly been removed since, given some responses).

                                

Now, in the interests of clarity, the purpose here isn't to cast aspersions on Fusco. Indeed, he's not the first writer to offer this particular advice: before him, George MacDonald Fraser (of 70s Muskeeters and Flashman fame, one of my favourites) opined that a fierce determination, with no exceptions, to writing was the correct path (he had written the first Flashman novel while working as a newspaper editor), as have others. The argument being that writing requires sacrificing any time in the day that could be considered 'you time', including leisure, family, friends and, here, sleep.

Like some responses this comment generated, I can't agree with Fusco here. I get the sentiment, but ultimately I think it's clouded by an important piece of missing context and doesn't take into account an unfortunate contemporary truth: when Fusco started and where many screenwriters start today is not only profoundly different, but that the very way life is structured is different. While this advice is to instill discipline, it may have the unfortunate side effect of doing harm to one's health.

If that sounds a bit hyperbolic, let me break it down more: I've tried to help writers from working class and other lower socio-economic backgrounds on this blog, to give them not only ways to learn craft without an expensive degree, but also ways to navigate the business and get something in return that doesn't require bankrupting yourself into making an all-or-nothing short or indie feature. Too much screenwriting and indeed filmmaking advice, I found, was aimed more at people from well-off backgrounds, who can afford to do all that with little in the way of major inconvenience or consequence. Your short doesn't make it to festival, or your feature doesn't cut it for distribution? Maybe your script didn't make it into some paid script contest? Oh well, Can always bounce back.

That's much harder when not only your money is tighter, but also when your circumstances aren't as carefree. Even before the cost of living crisis we are heading into, we had over a decade of stagnating wages, zero hour contracts, unpaid overtime as 'work ethic' and other predatory practices that lead to working people having both less money and, importantly here, less time. Less time for hobbies and, vitally, less time for personal needs: Friends, family, education and even the ability to change career paths, which no shortage of writers are attempting to do. We've got record levels of depression and mental health issues due to this toxic combination of elements, and yet, the type of advice Fusco is offering presupposes a person with different circumstances.

If you've got other commitments or are overworked or suffer from something that impacts your quality of life, how on earth is taking away what time you have for you supposed to be a good thing? Yes, writing does require graft, but there's a difference between making a choice versus a commitment. If you already have a full day dominated by work, what does sacrificing sleep actually accomplish? You can't write well if you're tired or worried about other things, and it's not like there's some kind of prize for doing it. You may be writing more, but writing is a process full of trial and error - there's no trick to making it 'go faster' or, as Fusco may be implying, prove that you're a 'real screenwriter'.

While I don't claim to have the body of work Fusco does, I can say from my experience I've never met a producer or development person who asked about work ethic or how long a script took to write. What did they care about? IF THE SCRIPT WAS GOOD. 

THAT'S IT.

THAT'S ALL.

Work should be hard on the work, not on the worker. Don't let advice from people who entered the business 20, 30, 40 years ago put you into a compromising position (Fusco himself had his first pro-screenplay made right out of film school back in the 80s, Walter Hill's Crossroads) where you have to choose between your dream versus your wellbeing. It's a false conflict: work when you can and give yourself room to have a life. Be with your friends and family and enjoy hobbies, such as you can: plus, it'll help you find inspiration for stories too. Make your writing schedule work around your life, not the other way around.

Deadlines and targets can be very useful, but be flexible: look at your week and see what can be allotted that isn't going to make it unnecessarily stressful. If you can only write for two hours on Sunday, or on Friday evening, do that. Like I said, no one in the business cares how you write: just that you can write well. When you actually get paid and are in the industry, then you can think about setting down something more extensive. So long as it's on your time and dime/penny, well, you decide what to put in.

Write at your speed. If you're not enjoying the process and learning from it (what I think a 'dedicated writer' should strive for), then what are you actually achieving?

I'm writing River City!

It looked like it was going to be a quiet summer after I did my time with Emmerdale... and now I have just gotten commissioned for an episode on BBC Scotland's River City! Created by Stephen Greenhorn (who also wrote some David Tennant Doctor Who episodes that I have nostalgic fondness for!) this long running drama is, to sum up logline style, a Scottish Eastenders: all about the trials and tribulations of a working class neighbourhood in Glasgow. Love, secrets and lies in a half hour - what more could you ask for?

 

As if that wasn't enough, there was no trial or scheme this time - I sent a spec, they liked it, we talked and bam, got the real deal. My first guaranteed broadcast drama credit, and my first broadcast TV episode since Pablo (and not for lack of trying either).

 

 

 

Big, big thanks to Joanne Sneddon and Isabella Barber on the show, for giving me this opportunity, as well as Michelle Goode of Writersofluid, whose notes service helped polish the drama script that got me onto the trial in the first place (indeed, the same that got me Doctors, Emmerdale and my agent. A gift that truly keeps giving). And not forgetting my friends and family either, who've had my back and kept me going. 2022 has truly been a whirlwind year, and knock on a whole forest's worth of wood, this won't be the last of it!

(P.S. The longtime reader may be wondering 'hey, what happened to Doctors?' Well, on top of my commitment to Emmerdale's Original Voices, there have been a few changes in personnel, meaning I got put on the backburner. With luck, it shan't be a lot longer till I have something to talk about there...)

WHAT GOES IN A SCREENWRITER'S CV? - Screenwriter's Survival Kit

Curriculum vitae, CV or a resume - whatever you call it, almost every job requires one. It's basically a combined work history along with a quick pitch for you yourself and your skills. When it comes to writing, there will be times (especially when you are without an agent) where you will be asked for one, or it will be handy to have to provide a little more context about your and your work.

However, just like there exist many templates for non film/TV CVs, what a CV in this field needs to look like varies. For writers, my advice is one of emphasis: sell YOU and what YOU OFFER. A bunch of waffle about your hobbies or some swimming prize at school (or for that matter, a long list of where you went to school) won't help. Focus on what you write/have written, what you've won and what makes your voice different and special. 

Let me breakdown on what to include (this is what has worked for me in the past, and it's how I was taught by a film producer). This applies both to total newbies and those of you who have/'are building a small body of work. Maybe you've even scored your first commission (congrats!) and want to know how to best present/highlight that. Here's my steps:

1. Full name. Ideally in a bold font. I'd also recommend keep this, 2 and 3 center-aligned: it's more appealing. Don't bother with wacky Publisher designs and colours.

2.  Contact info and personal websites - your blogs, your social media profiles (that you want to share - all this is info you have to be okay with a potential producer/collaborator looking at). Also, when you get an agent - put their details here.

3.    Write a Brief introduction – this is just a quick summary of where you’ve studied and what you’ve worked on. Succinctness is really key here, and tie it all into your goals to work in this industry - 2 paragraphs and boom. Why does it make YOU matter, why does this make YOUR STORIES special.

4.    Your credits – everything you’ve worked on in film/TV, and I do mean everything. Episodes, features, shorts, web series etc. Don't fuss too much over the chronological order - focus on the ones that you think are the best/have gotten the most attention. If you can, include hyperlinks to them. 

5.    Development – any other script projects you are working on right now AKA your spec scripts. Don’t need to be finished, and despite the name, don't have to be ones you have sold to a real production company: just mention them quickly here with a logline (a short description that contains the hero, villain and the conflict of the story) and if there is a treatment available (always good for gauging interest and building a little early interest).

6.    Additional credits – everything that isn’t film or TV. These will be useful if you're newer to screenwriting and need to bulk up the CV. Books, short stories, comics, podcasts, plays, games, visual novels etc. Like with social media, only share what you want people to see (I'd avoid fanfiction, though fan projects like fan films or audios can be used, depending on the quality of the production).

7.    Education – as you build more credits, you won’t really need this, but list where you’ve studied at University level. No need for anything earlier than that - doesn't serve any purpose. If you went on a specialized course, or a major school (like Met Film, NFTS etc.), it may be worth mentioning a notable teacher or mentor from the industry. Never know who you could bump into out there, after all, and a familiar name can always be a hand.

And there you have, seven steps to a more useful CV. Hope that helps out.